Steel Corrosion and Degradation of its Mechanical Properties

Length: 238 pages
Edition: 1
Language: English
Publisher: CRC Press
Publication Date: 2021-09-20
ISBN-10: 0367635860
ISBN-13: 9780367635862
Sales Rank: #0 (See Top 100 Books)

This book presents the state-of-the-art-knowledge on corrosion of steel, cast iron and ductile iron with a focus on corrosion-induced degradation of their mechanical properties. The information presented in the book is largely derived from the most current research on the effect of corrosion on degradation of mechanical properties. The book covers the basics of steel corrosion, including that of cast iron and ductile iron, that are not well covered in most literature. Models for corrosion-induced degradation of mechanical properties are presented in the book with a view to wider applications. The knowledge presented in the book can be used to prevent corrosion-induced failures of corrosion-affected structures, offering enormous benefits to the industry, business, society and community.

Key strengths of the book are that it can be employed by a variety of users for different purposes in designing and assessing corrosion-affected structures, and that the knowledge and techniques presented in the book can be easily applied by users in dealing with corrosion-affected structures, and the uniqueness in examining the corrosion effect on degradation of various mechanical properties.

Wtih examples of practical applications, the book is particularly useful for all stakeholders involved in steel manufacturing and construction, including engineering students, academicians, researchers, practitioners and asset managers.

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
1 Introduction
	1.1 Background
		1.1.1 Brief history of steel
		1.1.2 Advantages of steel
		1.1.3 Application of steel
	1.2 Significance of the book
		1.2.1 Corrosion-induced failures
		1.2.2 Corrosion-induced costs
		1.2.3 Current practice
	1.3 Purposes of the book
2 Basics of steel corrosion
	2.1 Introduction
		2.1.1 Making of steel
		2.1.2 Chemical composition of steel
		2.1.3 Mechanical properties of steel
	2.2 Corrosion process of steel
		2.2.1 Electrochemical reactions
		2.2.2 Progress of corrosion
		2.2.3 Types of corrosion
			2.2.3.1 Uniform corrosion
			2.2.3.2 Pitting corrosion
			2.2.3.3 Crevice corrosion
			2.2.3.4 Microbial corrosion
	2.3 Factors affecting corrosion
		2.3.1 Environmental factors
			2.3.1.1 Concentration of dissolved oxygen
			2.3.1.2 Temperature
			2.3.1.3 Relative humidity
			2.3.1.4 pH value
			2.3.1.5 Salts
		2.3.2 Material factors
			2.3.2.1 Chemical composition
			2.3.2.2 Microstructure
			2.3.2.3 Defects
		2.3.3 Soil factors
			2.3.3.1 Water content
			2.3.3.2 Soil resistivity
			2.3.3.3 Soil pH
			2.3.3.4 Soil texture
			2.3.3.5 Other factors in soil
	2.4 Effects of steel corrosion
		2.4.1 Physical effect
		2.4.2 Chemical effect
		2.4.3 Microstructural effect
	2.5 Corrosion characteristics of ferrous metals
		2.5.1 Difference in material
		2.5.2 Difference in corrosion
		2.5.3 Comparison of corrosion
	2.6 Summary
3 Corrosion impact on mechanical properties of steel
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Observation of corrosion
		3.2.1 Simulated corrosion
			3.2.1.1 Exposure environments
			3.2.1.2 Test specimens
			3.2.1.3 Test procedure
		3.2.2 Natural corrosion
		3.2.3 Corrosion measurement
	3.3 Degradation of tensile properties of steel
		3.3.1 Reduction of yield strength
		3.3.2 Reduction of ultimate strength
		3.3.3 Reduction of failure strain
	3.4 Degradation of fatigue and toughness properties of steel
		3.4.1 Reduction of fatigue strength
		3.4.2 Reduction of fracture toughness
		3.4.3 Comparison of mechanical properties
	3.5 Mechanism for degradation
		3.5.1 Changes in element composition
		3.5.2 Changes in grain size
		3.5.3 Changes in iron phase
	3.6 Summary
4 Corrosion impact on mechanical properties of cast iron and ductile iron
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Observation of corrosion of cast iron
		4.2.1 Simulated corrosion
			4.2.1.1 Exposure environment
			4.2.1.2 Test specimens
			4.2.1.3 Test procedure
		4.2.2 Natural corrosion
		4.2.3 Corrosion measurement
	4.3 Degradation of mechanical properties of cast iron
		4.3.1 Reduction of tensile strength
		4.3.2 Reduction of modulus of rupture
		4.3.3 Reduction of fracture toughness
	4.4 Degradation of mechanical properties of ductile iron
		4.4.1 Observation of corrosion
		4.4.2 Reduction of fracture toughness
		4.4.3 Comparison of mechanical properties
	4.5 Mechanism for degradation
		4.5.1 Changes in element composition
		4.5.2 Changes in iron phase
		4.5.3 Pitting corrosion
	4.6 Summary
5 Other corrosion damages
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Stress effect on corrosion
		5.2.1 Observation of stress effect
		5.2.2 Effect on microstructure
		5.2.3 Effect on mechanical properties
	5.3 Preferred corrosion
		5.3.1 Causes of preferred corrosion
		5.3.2 Factors affecting preferred corrosion
			5.3.2.1 Solidification speed
			5.3.2.2 Elemental composition of steel
			5.3.2.3 Temperature of steel casting
		5.3.3 Prevention of preferred corrosion
	5.4 Corrosion-induced delamination
		5.4.1 Observation of delamination
		5.4.2 Quantification of delamination
		5.4.3 Mechanism for delamination
	5.5 Hydrogen embrittlement
		5.5.1 Observation of hydrogen concentration
		5.5.2 Effect of hydrogen concentration
		5.5.3 Mechanism for hydrogen embrittlement
	5.6 Summary
6 Practical application and future outlook
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Calibration of simulated tests
		6.2.1 Basics of similarity theory
		6.2.2 Acceleration factor
		6.2.3 Examples
	6.3 Practical applications
		6.3.1 General procedure
		6.3.2 Steel structures
		6.3.3 Cast iron structures
	6.4 Simultaneous corrosion and service loads
		6.4.1 Testing methodology
		6.4.2 Combined corrosion and bending
		6.4.3 Combined corrosion and fatigue
	6.5 Nanomechanics of corrosion
		6.5.1 Basic idea
		6.5.2 Mapping of atomic lattice
		6.5.3 Model development
	6.6 Summary
Bibliography
Index