Modern Compressible Flow: With Historical Perspective, 4th Edition
- Length: 800 pages
- Edition: 4
- Language: English
- Publisher: McGraw Hill
- Publication Date: 2020-02-03
- ISBN-10: 1260588769
- ISBN-13: 9781260588767
- Sales Rank: #4227800 (See Top 100 Books)
The response to the first three editions of Modern Compressible Flow: With Historical Perspective, from students, faculty, and practicing professionals has been overwhelmingly favorable. Therefore, this new edition preserves much of this successful content while adding important new components. It preserves the author’s informal writing style that talks to the reader, that gains the readers’ interest, and makes the study of compressible flow an enjoyable experience. Moreover, it blends the classical nature of the subject with modern aspects of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and high temperature gas dynamics so important to modern applications of compressible flow. In short, this book is a unique teaching and learning experience.
Cover Title Page Copyright Page About The Author Contents Preface to the Fourth Edition Chapter 1 Compressible Flow—Some History and Introductory Thoughts 1.1 Historical High-Water Marks 1.2 Definition of Compressible Flow 1.3 Flow Regimes 1.4 A Brief Review of Thermodynamics 1.5 Aerodynamic Forces on a Body 1.6 Modern Compressible Flow 1.7 Summary Problems Chapter 2 Integral Forms of the Conservation Equations for Inviscid Flows 2.1 Philosophy 2.2 Approach 2.3 Continuity Equation 2.4 Momentum Equation 2.5 A Comment 2.6 Energy Equation 2.7 Final Comment 2.8 An Application of the Momentum Equation: Jet Propulsion Engine Thrust 2.9 Summary Problems Chapter 3 One-Dimensional Flow 3.1 Introduction 3.2 One-Dimensional Flow Equations 3.3 Speed of Sound and Mach Number 3.4 Some Conveniently Defined Flow Parameters 3.5 Alternative Forms of the Energy Equation 3.6 Normal Shock Relations 3.7 Hugoniot Equation 3.8 One-Dimensional Flow with Heat Addition 3.9 One-Dimensional Flow with Friction 3.10 Historical Note: Sound Waves and Shock Waves 3.11 Summary Problems Chapter 4 Oblique Shock and Expansion Waves 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Source of Oblique Waves 4.3 Oblique Shock Relations 4.4 Supersonic Flow Over Wedges and Cones 4.5 Shock Polar 4.6 Regular Reflection from a Solid Boundary 4.7 Comment on Flow Through Multiple Shock Systems 4.8 Pressure-Deflection Diagrams 4.9 Intersection of Shocks of Opposite Families 4.10 Intersection of Shocks of the Same Family 4.11 Mach Reflection 4.12 Detached Shock Wave in Front of a Blunt Body 4.13 Three-Dimensional Shock Waves 4.14 Prandtl–Meyer Expansion Waves 4.15 Shock–Expansion Theory 4.16 Historical Note: Prandtl’s Early Research on Supersonic Flows and the Origin of the Prandtl–Meyer Theory 4.17 Summary Problems Chapter 5 Quasi-One-Dimensional Flow 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Governing Equations 5.3 Area–Velocity Relation 5.4 Nozzles 5.5 Diffusers 5.6 Wave Reflection from a Free Boundary 5.7 Summary 5.8 Historical Note: De Laval—A Biographical Sketch 5.9 Historical Note: Stodola and the First Definitive Supersonic Nozzle Experiments 5.10 Summary Problems Chapter 6 Differential Conservation Equations for Inviscid Flows 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Differential Equations in Conservation Form 6.3 The Substantial Derivative 6.4 Differential Equations in Nonconservation Form 6.5 The Entropy Equation 6.6 Crocco’s Theorem: A Relation Between the Thermodynamics and Fluid Kinematics of a Compressible Flow 6.7 Historical Note: Early Development of the Conservation Equations 6.8 Historical Note: Leonhard Euler—The Man 6.9 Summary Problems Chapter 7 Unsteady Wave Motion 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Moving Normal Shock Waves 7.3 Reflected Shock Wave 7.4 Physical Picture of Wave Propagation 7.5 Elements of Acoustic Theory 7.6 Finite (Nonlinear) Waves 7.7 Incident and Reflected Expansion Waves 7.8 Shock Tube Relations 7.9 Finite Compression Waves 7.10 Summary Problems Chapter 8 General Conservation Equations Revisited: Velocity Potential Equation 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Irrotational Flow 8.3 The Velocity Potential Equation 8.4 Historical Note: Origin of the Concepts of Fluid Rotation and Velocity Potential Problems Chapter 9 Linearized Flow 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Linearized Velocity Potential Equation 9.3 Linearized Pressure Coefficient 9.4 Linearized Subsonic Flow 9.5 Improved Compressibility Corrections 9.6 Linearized Supersonic Flow 9.7 Critical Mach Number 9.8 Summary 9.9 Historical Note: The 1935 Volta Conference—Threshold to Modern Compressible Flow with Associated Events Before and After 9.10 Historical Note: Prandtl—A Biographical Sketch 9.11 Historical Note: Glauert—A Biographical Sketch 9.12 Summary Problems Chapter 10 Conical Flow 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Physical Aspects of Conical Flow 10.3 Quantitative Formulation (After Taylor and Maccoll) 10.4 Numerical Procedure 10.5 Physical Aspects of Supersonic Flow Over Cones Problems Chapter 11 Numerical Techniques for Steady Supersonic Flow 11.1 An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics 11.2 Philosophy of the Method of Characteristics 11.3 Determination of the Characteristic Lines: Two-Dimensional Irrotational Flow 11.4 Determination of the Compatibility Equations 11.5 Unit Processes 11.6 Regions of Influence and Domains of Dependence 11.7 Supersonic Nozzle Design 11.8 Method of Characteristics for Axisymmetric Irrotational Flow 11.9 Method of Characteristics for Rotational (Nonisentropic and Nonadiabatic) Flow 11.10 Three-Dimensional Method of Characteristics 11.11 Introduction to Finite Differences 11.12 Maccormack’s Technique 11.13 Boundary Conditions 11.14 Stability Criterion: The CFL Criterion 11.15 Shock Capturing versus Shock Fitting; Conservation versus Nonconservation Forms of the Equations 11.16 Comparison of Characteristics and Finite-Difference Solutions with Application to the Space Shuttle 11.17 Historical Note: The First Practical Application of the Method of Characteristics to Supersonic Flow 11.18 Summary Problems Chapter 12 The Time-Marching Technique: With Application to Supersonic Blunt Bodies and Nozzles 12.1 Introduction to the Philosophy of Time- Marching Solutions for Steady Flows 12.2 Stability Criterion 12.3 The Blunt Body Problem—Qualitative Aspects and Limiting Characteristics 12.4 Newtonian Theory 12.5 Time-Marching Solution of the Blunt Body Problem 12.6 Results for the Blunt Body Flowfield 12.7 Time-Marching Solution of Two- Dimensional Nozzle Flows 12.8 Other Aspects of the Time-Marching Technique; Artificial Viscosity 12.9 Historical Note: Newton’s Sine-Squared Law—Some Further Comments 12.10 Summary Problems Chapter 13 Three-Dimensional Flow 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Cones at Angle of Attack: Qualitative Aspects 13.3 Cones at Angle of Attack: Quantitative Aspects 13.4 Blunt-Nosed Bodies at Angle of Attack 13.5 Stagnation and Maximum Entropy Streamlines 13.6 Comments and Summary Problems Chapter 14 Transonic Flow 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Some Physical Aspects of Transonic Flows 14.3 Some Theoretical Aspects of Transonic Flows; Transonic Similarity 14.4 Solutions of the Small-Perturbation Velocity Potential Equation: The Murman and Cole Method 14.5 Solutions of the Full Velocity Potential Equation 14.6 Solutions of the Euler Equations 14.7 Historical Note: Transonic Flight—Its Evolution, Challenges, Failures, and Successes 14.8 Summary and Comments Problem Chapter 15 Hypersonic Flow 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Hypersonic Flow—What Is It? 15.3 Hypersonic Shock Wave Relations 15.4 A Local Surface Inclination Method: Newtonian Theory 15.5 Mach Number Independence 15.6 The Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Equations 15.7 Hypersonic Similarity 15.8 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Hypersonic Flow: Some Comments 15.9 Hypersonic Vehicle Considerations 15.10 Historical Note 15.11 Summary and Final Comments Problems Chapter 16 Properties of High-Temperature Gases 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Microscopic Description of Gases 16.3 Counting the Number of Microstates for a Given Macrostate 16.4 The Most Probable Macrostate 16.5 The Limiting Case: Boltzmann Distribution 16.6 Evaluation of Thermodynamic Properties in Terms of the Partition Function 16.7 Evaluation of the Partition Function in Terms of T and V 16.8 Practical Evaluation of Thermodynamic Properties for a Single Species 16.9 The Equilibrium Constant 16.10 Chemical Equilibrium—Qualitative Discussion 16.11 Practical Calculation of the Equilibrium Composition 16.12 Equilibrium Gas Mixture Thermodynamic Properties 16.13 Introduction to Nonequilibrium Systems 16.14 Vibrational Rate Equation 16.15 Chemical Rate Equations 16.16 Chemical Nonequilibrium in High-Temperature Air 16.17 Summary of Chemical Nonequilibrium 16.18 Chapter Summary Problems Chapter 17 High-Temperature Flows: Basic Examples 17.1 Introduction to Local Thermodynamic and Chemical Equilibrium 17.2 Equilibrium Normal Shock Wave Flows 17.3 Equilibrium Quasi-One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows 17.4 Frozen and Equilibrium Flows: Specific Heats 17.5 Equilibrium Speed of Sound 17.6 On the Use of γ = cp∕cv 17.7 Nonequilibrium Flows: Species Continuity Equation 17.8 Rate Equation for Vibrationally Nonequilibrium Flow 17.9 Summary of Governing Equations for Nonequilibrium Flows 17.10 Nonequilibrium Normal Shock Wave Flows 17.11 Nonequilibrium Quasi-One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows 17.12 Summary Problems Appendix A Table A.1 Isentropic Flow Properties Table A.2 Normal Shock Properties Table A.3 One-Dimensional Flow with Heat Addition Table A.4 One-Dimensional Flow with Friction Table A.5 Prandtl–Meyer Function and Mach Angle Appendix B An Illustration and Exercise of Computational Fluid Dynamics The Equations Intermediate Numerical Results: The First Few Steps Final Numerical Results: The Steady-State Solution Summary Isentropic Nozzle Flow—Subsonic/Supersonic (Nonconservation Form) Appendix C Oblique Shock Properties: γ = 1.4 References Index
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