Energy Storage and Conversion Devices: Supercapacitors, Batteries, and Hydroelectric Cells
- Length: 166 pages
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- Publisher: CRC Press
- Publication Date: 2021-10-29
- ISBN-10: 0367694255
- ISBN-13: 9780367694258
- Sales Rank: #0 (See Top 100 Books)
This book presents a state-of-the-art overview of the research and development in designing electrode and electrolyte materials for Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Further, green energy production via the water splitting approach by the hydroelectric cell is also explored.
Features include:
- Provides details on the latest trends in design and optimization of electrode and electrolyte materials with key focus on enhancement of energy storage and conversion device performance
- Focuses on existing nanostructured electrodes and polymer electrolytes for device fabrication, as well as new promising research routes toward the development of new materials for improving device performance
- Features a dedicated chapter that explores electricity generation by dissociating water through hydroelectric cells, which are a nontoxic and green source of energy production
- Describes challenges and offers a vision for next-generation devices
This book is beneficial for advanced students and professionals working in energy storage across the disciplines of physics, materials science, chemistry, and chemical engineering. It is also a valuable reference for manufacturers of electrode/electrolyte materials for energy storage devices and hydroelectric cells.
Cover Half Title Series Page Title Page Copyright Page Contents Foreword Preface About the Editors Contributors 1. Fundamentals of Batteries and Supercapacitors: An Overview 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Primary Batteries 1.2.1 Zinc-Carbon Battery (Leclanche Cell) 1.2.2 Alkaline Manganese Battery 1.2.3 Lithium Battery 1.3 Secondary Batteries 1.3.1 Lead-Acid Battery 1.3.2 Nickel-Cadmium Battery 1.3.3 Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery 1.3.4 Secondary Lithium Battery 1.4 Electrochemical Characterization of the Electrode Material 1.4.1 EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) 1.4.2 Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) 1.4.3 GCD (Galvanostatic Charge/Discharge) 1.5 Supercapacitor: An Overview 1.6 Fundamentals of Supercapacitors 1.7 Characteristics of Supercapacitor Electrode Material 1.8 Characterization Techniques 1.8.1 Structural, Morphological, and Surface Area Study 1.8.2 Electrochemical Analysis 1.8.2.1 Cyclic Voltammetry 1.8.2.2 Galvanostatic Charge/Discharge (GCD) Specific Capacitance Energy Density and Power Density Specific Capacitance 1.8.2.3 Binder for Battery and Supercapacitor References 2. First Principle Study on LIB and Supercapacitor 2.1 Introduction: Background and Driving Forces 2.2 Why DFT Approach? 2.3 Density Functional Theory (DFT): A Brief Report 2.4 The Exchange-Correlation Energy Vxc 2.5 Hybrid Density Functional Methods 2.6 GGA+U Approach 2.7 State of the Art of Li-Ion Battery Electrode Materials 2.7.1 Simulated Properties of Li-Ion Battery Electrode Materials 2.7.2 Important Desirable Material Properties of the Electrode for Li-Ion Battery Application for Designing New Electrode Materials 2.8 Brief Introduction of Supercapacitor 2.8.1 State of the Art of Supercapacitor Electrode Materials 2.8.2 Simulation of EDLC and Pseudocapacitor 2.8.3 Characteristics of Ideal Supercapacitor Electrode Material 2.9 Summary References 3. Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Essential Characteristics of an Efficient Cathode Material 3.3 Three Major Class of Cathode Materials: An Overview 3.4 Crystal Structure and Electronic Properties of Three Classes of Lithium Intercalation-Based Cathode Materials 3.5 Polyoxyanion Cathode Materials 3.5.1 Polymorphism and Crystal Structure of Lithium Iron Silicate (Li2FeSiO4) Cathode Materials 3.5.2 Li-Ion Diffusion Pathways 3.6 Synthesis of Cathode Material 3.7 Cathode Materials and Battery Safety 3.8 Summary References 4. Emerging Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Supercapacitors and Their Mechanisms 4.3 Approaches Have Been Proposed for Electrode Materials of Supercapacitors 4.4 Electrode Materials 4.4.1 Transition Metal Oxides (TMOs) 4.4.2 Carbon Nanostructured Based Electrode Materials 4.4.2.1 Graphene 4.4.2.2 Graphitic Carbon Nitride 4.4.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) 4.4.2.4 Activated Carbon 4.4.2.5 Carbon Nanofibers 4.4.3 Conducting Polymer (CP)-Based Material 4.4.3.1 Polyaniline (PANI) 4.4.3.2 Polypyrrole (PPy) 4.4.4 Nanocomposite-Based Materials: The Roadmap to the Hybrid Material 4.4.4.1 Carbon-Metal Oxide Composites 4.4.4.2 Carbon-Carbon Composites 4.4.4.3 MO/CP Composites 4.5 An Outlook for 2D Electrode Materials 4.6 An Approach Toward Stretchable Electrodes 4.7 Applications and Future Perspectives References 5. Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Important Features of Efficient Electrolyte 5.2.1 Ionic Conductivity 5.2.1.1 Characteristics of Salt 5.2.1.2 Characteristics of Solvent 5.2.1.3 Arrhenius Behavior 5.2.1.4 Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) Behavior 5.2.2 Cation Transference Number 5.2.3 Electrochemical Stability Window 5.2.4 Ion Transport Parameters 5.2.5 Thermal Stability 5.3 Classification of Different Electrolytes 5.3.1 Aqueous/Nonaqueous Liquid 5.3.2 Ionic Liquid 5.3.3 Inorganic Solid 5.3.4 Gel Polymer 5.3.5 Solid Polymer Electrolyte 5.3.6 Hybrid Electrolyte References 6. Hydroelectric Cells: The Innovative Approach to Produce the Green Electricity 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Energy Sources 6.1.2 The Era of Green Energy 6.2 The Basic Principle of HECs 6.3 Materials for HEC 6.3.1 Ferrite-Based HECs 6.3.2 Metal Oxide-Based HECs 6.4 Synthesis and Characterization Techniques 6.4.1 Solid-State Reaction Method 6.4.2 Co-Precipitation Method 6.4.3 Sol-Gel Synthesis 6.4.4 Fabrication of HECs 6.4.5 Characterization Techniques 6.5 Performance Parameters of HECs on a Qualitative Basis 6.5.1 Material Selection 6.5.2 Sintering Temperature and Time 6.5.3 Porosity 6.6 Performance Parameters of HECs on a Quantitative Basis 6.6.1 Polarization Curve 6.6.2 Fill Factor 6.6.3 Nyquist Plot 6.7 Comparison of HECs with Traditional Batteries 6.8 The Latest Development in this Field 6.9 Summary References 7. Challenges and Perspectives of Li-Ion Batteries, Supercapacitors, and Hydroelectric Cells Index
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