Autonomous Vehicles: Safety, Deployment and Effect on Infrastructure

Length: 287 pages
Edition: 1
Language: English
Publisher: Nova Science Pub Inc
Publication Date: 2021
ISBN-10: 1536190101
ISBN-13: 9781536190106
Sales Rank: #0 (See Top 100 Books)

Fully autonomous vehicles, which would carry out many or all of their functions without the intervention of a driver, may someday bring sweeping social and economic changes and “lead to breakthrough gains in transportation safety.” At present, no fully autonomous vehicles are available for public use. Many new vehicles have automated some driver functions, but all require a human to monitor the driving environment and control the vehicle. However, rapid advances in technology have made it likely that vehicles with high levels of automation will be on the market within a few years, raising questions about the adequacy of existing methods of safety as discussed in chapter 1. For this and other reasons, federal oversight of the testing and deployment of autonomous vehicles has been of considerable interest as reported in chapters 2 and 3. Chapter 4 examines the implications of autonomous vehicles on America’s roadway infrastructure.

Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Smart Cars and Trucks: Spectrum Use for Vehicle Safety (Updated)(
	Background
	DSRC
	Proposed DOT Standard
	New Technologies
		Wi-Fi
		C-V2X
	Policy Considerations
Chapter 2
Issues in Autonomous Vehicle Testing and Deployment(
	Summary
	Introduction
	Advances in Vehicle Technology
	Cybersecurity and Data Privacy
	Pathways to Autonomous Vehicle Deployment Abroad
	Issues in Federal Safety Regulation
	Obama Administration Policy Direction
	Trump Administration Policy Guidelines and Proposed Safety Rules
	National Transportation Safety Board Investigation and Recommendations
	Connected Vehicles and Spectrum Allocation
	Congressional Action
		Preemption of State Laws
		Exemption Authority
		New NHTSA Safety Rules
		Cybersecurity
		Privacy
		Research and Advisory Panels
	State Concerns
	Implications for Highway Infrastructure
	Appendix. Image of Nuro Robot, R2X
Chapter 3
Issues in Autonomous Vehicle Deployment(
	Summary
	Introduction
	Technology of Autonomous Vehicles
	Federal Regulatory Issues
	Guidelines
	Model State Policy
	Current Federal Regulatory Tools
	Proposed New Regulatory Tools
	Trump Administration Revises DOT Guidelines
	State Concerns
	Cybersecurity and Data Privacy
		Vehicle Testing Crash Data
		Data Ownership
		Consumer Privacy
	Educating Motorists and Pedestrians
	Congressional Action
		State Preemption
		New Safety Standards
		Safety Priority Plan
		Cybersecurity
		Exemption Authority
		Privacy
		Consumer and Infrastructure Information
		Highly Automated Vehicle Advisory Panels
		Manufacturing Study
		Rear Seat Occupant Alert System
		Headlamps
		Controversy with the Legislation
			Preemption of State and Local Laws
			Vehicle Safety
			Cybersecurity and Consumer Privacy
Chapter 4
Innovation and America’s Infrastructure: Examining the Effects of Emerging Autonomous Technologies on America’s Roads and Bridges(
	Opening Statement of Hon. John Barrasso, U.S. Senator from the State of Wyoming
	Statement of William “Bill” Panos, Director, Wyoming Department of Transportation
	Testimony of the Honorable William T. “Bill” Panos, Chair, Committee on Transportation System Operations, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials; Director, Wyoming Department of Transportation, Regarding Deployment of Conne...
		Introduction
		Safety Has Been and Always Will Be the Ultimate Priority for State Dots, Including as They Invest in and Manage Highway Infrastructure Relating to CAV Deployment
		Both Connected and Automated Vehicles Are in Our Future; What States Are Doing Now
		Infrastructure Investment Implications of Deploying Connected and Automated Vehicles Must Be Recognized and Addressed
		Nationwide Interoperability, Including Further Deployment of Dedicated Short Range Communications, Is Essential
		Achieve Increased Collaboration between Technology Developers, Vehicle Manufacturers, and Federal, State and Local Agencies
		Provide Additional Federal Resources for Research
		Conclusion
	Statement of Shailen Bhatt, President and CEO, Intelligent Transportation Society of America
	Statement of Shailen P. Bhatt, President and CEO, on Behalf of: The Intelligent Transportation Society of America (Its America), before the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works
		Testimony
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: Introduction
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: The Next Generation of Mobility
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: Safer. Greener. Smarter
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: Vehicle-to-Infrastructure
		A Better Future Transformed by Technology: Road Environment and Traffic Management
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: An Infrastructure Plan that Lays the Groundwork for Connected and Automated Vehicles
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: A National Framework for Automated Vehicle Development and Deployment
		A Better Future Transformed by Intelligent Mobility: Conclusion
	Statement of Zachary Doerzaph, Director, Center for Advanced Automotive Research
	Testimony of Dr. Zachary Doerzaph, Director of the Center for Advanced Automotive Research at the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) and Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics at Virginia Tech
	Statement of Polly Trottenberg, Commissioner, New York City Department of Transportation
	Testimony of Polly Trottenberg, Commissioner, New York City Department of Transportation, Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works
		Urban Environment
		Safety
		Congestion
		The Role of the Federal Government
		Partnerships
		Data Sharing
		AV START Act
		Workforce
		Conclusion
	Statement of Shaun Kildare, Director of Research, Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety
	Statement of Shaun Kildare, PhD, Director of Research Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety, on “Innovation and America’s Infrastructure: Examining the Effects of Emerging Autonomous Technologies on America’s Roads and Bridges,” Submitted to the U.S. ...
		Introduction
		Motor Vehicle Deaths Remain Unacceptably High
		Advocates Has Consistently Promoted Technology to Save Lives and Prevent Injuries
		Autonomous Vehicles Need Sensible Safeguards
			The Safe Operation of Autonomous Vehicle Systems Has Yet to be Proved
			Federal Vehicle Safety Standards Have both Immediate and Long Term Benefits
			Federal Standards are Especially Critical Considering Public Opinion Polls Show Skepticism about AVs
		Upgrades to America’s Infrastructure Are Required for the Safe Deployment of Autonomous Vehicles
			Connected Vehicles
			Road Design
		In Addition to Infrastructure Upgrades, Proper Government Oversight Is Needed for the Safe Deployment of Autonomous Vehicles
			The AV START Act Fails to Ensure Public Safety
			Commonsense Improvements Must Be Made to the AV START Act
				Include Level 2 AVs
				Require Cybersecurity Standards
				Direct NHTSA to Proscribe Standards to Prevent Driver Distraction
				Provide for Standards to Protect the Electronics that Power Safety Systems
				Require an AV “Vision Test” to Ensure Operating Safety
		U.S. DOT Requires Sufficient Funding and Authority to Properly Regulate Automated Vehicles
		Conclusion
	Opening Statement of Hon. Thomas R. Carper, U.S. Senator from the State of Delaware
Index
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