ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model: The Comprehensive Guide

Dear Reader
Notes on Usage
Table of Contents
  Foreword
  Preface
      Acknowledgements
Part I   Basic Concepts and Technical Components
1   Introduction
    1.1   What is the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model?
        1.1.1   The Purpose of the Programming Model
        1.1.2   The REST Architectural Style
        1.1.3   OData
        1.1.4   Technological Innovations with SAP S/4HANA
        1.1.5   Evolution of ABAP-Based Programming Models
    1.2   Architecture and Concepts
        1.2.1   Transaction Model
        1.2.2   Implementation Types
        1.2.3   Entity Manipulation Language
        1.2.4   Technical Context of Applications and Runtime Environment
    1.3   Development Objects
        1.3.1   Data Modeling with Core Data Services
        1.3.2   Behavior Definition
        1.3.3   Behavior Implementation
        1.3.4   Projection Layer
        1.3.5   Business Services
        1.3.6   Interaction of the Artifacts
    1.4   ABAP Development Tools
    1.5   Quality Attributes of the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model
        1.5.1   Evolution Capability
        1.5.2   Development Efficiency
        1.5.3   Testability
        1.5.4   Separation between Business and Technology
    1.6   Availability of the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model
        1.6.1   SAP BTP, ABAP Environment
        1.6.2   ABAP Platform for SAP S/4HANA On-Premise
2   Core Data Services: Data Modeling
    2.1   What are Core Data Services?
    2.2   Structure and Syntax of Core Data Services
        2.2.1   Creating a Basic Interface View
        2.2.2   Analyzing the Data Model
        2.2.3   Using CDS Views
        2.2.4   Extending the Data Model
    2.3   Associations
    2.4   Annotations
    2.5   Access Controls
    2.6   Extensibility of CDS Entities
        2.6.1   CDS View Extensions
        2.6.2   CDS Metadata Extension
    2.7   Additional CDS Functionality
        2.7.1   Virtual Elements
        2.7.2   CDS Custom Entities
    2.8   Virtual Data Model
    2.9   CDS Language Elements for Modeling Business Objects
3   Behavior Definition
    3.1   What is a Behavior Definition?
        3.1.1   Context and Structure of a Behavior Definition
        3.1.2   Syntax of a Behavior Definition
        3.1.3   Possible Behavior
    3.2   Editing a Behavior Definition in ABAP Development Tools
        3.2.1   Creating a Behavior Definition
        3.2.2   Changing and Activating a Behavior Definition
        3.2.3   Finding and Opening a Behavior Definition
        3.2.4   Documenting Behavior Definitions and Relationships
    3.3   Implementation Types
        3.3.1   Managed Scenario
        3.3.2   Unmanaged Scenario
    3.4   Strict Mode
    3.5   Entity Behavior Definition
    3.6   Defining a Behavior Pool
        3.6.1   Behavior Pool for Behavior Definition
        3.6.2   Behavior Pool for the CDS Entity
        3.6.3   Behavior Pool for the Implementation Group
    3.7   Numbering
        3.7.1   Early, External Numbering
        3.7.2   Early, Internal Numbering
        3.7.3   Late Numbering
    3.8   Field Properties
        3.8.1   Mandatory Fields
        3.8.2   Protection Against Write Access
        3.8.3   Combination: Mandatory Field in Case of Creation, Write Protection in Case of Updates
    3.9   Field Mappings
    3.10   Standard Operations for a CDS Entity
        3.10.1   Create, Read, Update, and Delete
        3.10.2   Create and Read Operation by Association
    3.11   Specific Operations for a CDS Entity
        3.11.1   Actions
        3.11.2   Functions
    3.12   Concurrency and Locking Behavior
        3.12.1   Pessimistic Locking
        3.12.2   Optimistic Locking
    3.13   Internal Business Logic
        3.13.1   Determinations
        3.13.2   Validations
        3.13.3   Calling Determinations via an Action
    3.14   Authorization Checks
        3.14.1   Authorization Master
        3.14.2   Authorization-Dependent
        3.14.3   Delegating Authorization Checks
    3.15   Draft Handling
        3.15.1   Enabling Draft Handling
        3.15.2   Draft Handling in the Business Object Composition Tree
        3.15.3   Draft Lifecycle and Draft Actions
    3.16   Overarching Concepts
        3.16.1   Dynamic Feature Control
        3.16.2   Preliminary Checks of Operations
        3.16.3   Internal Visibility of Operations
4   Entity Manipulation Language: Accessing Business Logic
    4.1   Data Types
        4.1.1   Derived Data Types
        4.1.2   Implicit Return Parameters
    4.2   EML Operations
        4.2.1   READ ENTITIES
        4.2.2   MODIFY ENTITIES
        4.2.3   GET PERMISSIONS
        4.2.4   SET LOCKS
        4.2.5   COMMIT ENTITES
        4.2.6   ROLLBACK ENTITIES
    4.3   Using EML Outside of Behavioral Implementations
        4.3.1   Use in the Context of an ABAP Report
        4.3.2   Implementation in the Context of a Test Class
5   Behavior Implementation
    5.1   Business Object Provider API
    5.2   Runtime Behavior of the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model
        5.2.1   Interaction Phase and Transaction Buffer
        5.2.2   Save Sequence
    5.3   Interfaces for the Interaction Handler and the Save Handler
    5.4   Interaction Handler
        5.4.1   FOR MODIFY
        5.4.2   FOR INSTANCE AUTHORIZATION
        5.4.3   FOR GLOBAL AUTHORIZATION
        5.4.4   FOR FEATURES
        5.4.5   FOR GLOBAL FEATURES
        5.4.6   FOR LOCK
        5.4.7   FOR READ
        5.4.8   FOR READ BY ASSOCIATION
        5.4.9   FOR DETERMINE
        5.4.10   FOR VALIDATE
        5.4.11   FOR NUMBERING
        5.4.12   FOR PRECHECK
    5.5   Save Handler
        5.5.1   FINALIZE
        5.5.2   CHECK_BEFORE_SAVE
        5.5.3   ADJUST_NUMBERS
        5.5.4   SAVE
        5.5.5   CLEANUP
        5.5.6   CLEANUP_FINALIZE
6   Business Services
    6.1   Projection Layer
        6.1.1   CDS Projection View
        6.1.2   Projection Behavior Definition
    6.2   Service Definition
    6.3   Service Binding
    6.4   Testing Business Services in the SAP Gateway Client
    6.5   Testing UI Services with SAP Fiori Elements Preview
7   User Interfaces and SAP Fiori Elements
    7.1   Development Tools
        7.1.1   SAP Business Application Studio
        7.1.2   Visual Studio Code
    7.2   SAP Fiori Elements
        7.2.1   Floorplans in SAP Fiori Elements
        7.2.2   Selected UI Annotations
        7.2.3   Defining UI Annotations in a CDS View
        7.2.4   Generating Annotations via the Service Modeler
Part II   Practical Application Development
8   Use Cases
    8.1   Applications Types
    8.2   Implementation Types
    8.3   Selecting the Appropriate Implementation Type
9   Managed Scenario: Developing an Application with SAP Fiori Elements
    9.1   Description of the Use Case
    9.2   Building the Data Model
        9.2.1   Database Tables
        9.2.2   CDS Modeling
    9.3   Creating Behavior Definitions
        9.3.1   Creating Behavior Definitions for Certificate Management
        9.3.2   Enabling Draft Handling
    9.4   Defining a Business Service
        9.4.1   Creating a Service Definition
        9.4.2   Creating the Service Binding
    9.5   Creating an SAP Fiori Elements User Interface
    9.6   Enrichment with a Determination
    9.7   Enrichment with a Validation
    9.8   Enrichment with an Action
    9.9   Generation and Deployment of the Application
10   Managed Scenario with Unmanaged Save: Integrating an Existing Application
    10.1   Description of the Use Case
    10.2   Building the Data Model
        10.2.1   Overview of the Logical Data Model
        10.2.2   Database Tables
        10.2.3   CDS Modeling
    10.3   Creating a Behavior Definition
    10.4   Implementing the Create Purchase Order Function
        10.4.1   Declaring Late Numbering
        10.4.2   Setting Field Properties
        10.4.3   Creating the Behavior Pool
        10.4.4   Implementing Determinations
        10.4.5   Save Sequence: Implementing the Creation via BAPI
        10.4.6   Implementing Validations
    10.5   Implementing the Delete Purchase Order Function
        10.5.1   Save Sequence: Implementing the Deletion via BAPI
        10.5.2   Implementing a Validation
    10.6   Defining Business Services
        10.6.1   Setting up the Projection Layer for the My Purchase Orders Application
        10.6.2   Creating a Service Definition
        10.6.3   Creating a Service Binding
    10.7   Implementing Authorization Checks
        10.7.1   Access Controls for Read Access
        10.7.2   Access Controls for Write Access
    10.8   Creating an SAP Fiori Elements User Interface
        10.8.1   Creating a Metadata Extension
        10.8.2   Generating and Deploying the Application
11   Unmanaged Scenario: Reusing Existing Source Code
    11.1   Description of the Use Case
    11.2   Description of the Existing Application
        11.2.1   Database Tables
        11.2.2   Source Code of the Existing Application
    11.3   Extending the Data Model
    11.4   Creating a Behavior Definition
    11.5   Creating a Behavior Implementation
        11.5.1   Implementing the Interaction Phase
        11.5.2   Implementing the Save Sequence
    11.6   Defining a Business Service
12   Specific Features for the SAP BTP, ABAP Environment
    12.1   Technical Fundamentals
        12.1.1   ABAP for Cloud Development
        12.1.2   Technical Infrastructure Components
        12.1.3   Migrating Legacy Code
    12.2   Identity and Access Management
    12.3   Deploying SAP Fiori Apps and Assigning Authorizations
        12.3.1   Creating an IAM App and Business Catalog
        12.3.2   Creating an IAM Business Role
        12.3.3   Integration in SAP Fiori Launchpad
    12.4   Consuming Business Services
13   Outlook
    13.1   Build
    13.2   Extensibility
    13.3   Integration and Reusability
A   Bibliography
    A.1   Books
    A.2   Online Resources
B   Authors
Index
Service Pages
Legal Notes